Bawa , Atit Bawa, Goswami, Vairagi Bava, Gosai, Dashnam Goswami, Ramanandi Bawa, Ramanandi Sadhu, Puri, Bharti, Kapdi, Kapadiya, Nathbawa, Bharathari, Margi, Gangajalia, Dashnami Bawa, Giri, Bharwad, Motabhai Bharwad, Nanabhai Bharwad, Kabari, Baria Motabhai, Chosala, Janpada (where they are not S.T. Falls under General. Khamar are Vaishnavs from Gujarat. Generally they used to known as Vaishnav Khamar. are females thus the Average Sex Ratio of Khamar is The migration of the Kolis of north Gujarat into central Gujarat and those of the latter into eastern Gujarat was a process of slow drift from one village to another over a period of time. The Gujarat Sultanate (1407-1523) was a medieval muslim kingdom that was founded by Sultan Muzaffar Shah I, a tank khatri originally from southern punjab who converted to islam. In 1931, their total population was more than 1,700,000, nearly one-fourth of the total population of Gujarat. The Levas, Anavils and Khedawals provide examples of castes whose internal organization had a strong emphasis on the principle of hierarchy and a weak emphasis on that of division. As per the Population Census 2011, there are total 117 families residing in the village Khamar. From the 15th century onwards we find historical references to political activities of Koli chieftains. How Many Percentage Reservation For OBC, SEBC, ST, SC and EWS in Gujarat? The boundaries of caste division were fairly clear in the village community. How many sub-divisions existed in the various divisions of the various orders is a matter of empirical investigation. The dye is caste in Gujarat. Khamar is not a Low Caste but its just comes in Vishnavs Verna of hindu religion. 100% The primarily urban castes and the urban sections of the rural-cum- urban castes were the first to take advantage of the new opportunities that developed in industry, commerce, administration, the professions and education in urban centres. The members of a kings caste were thus found not only in his own kingdom but in other kingdoms as well. Both Borradaile and Campbell were probably mixing up small endogamous units of various kinds. (7,258) In India Khamar is mostly concentrated in: Gujarat, where 78 percent reside, West Bengal, where 7 percent reside and Telangana, where 6 percent reside. In some other cases, mainly of urban artisans, craftsmen and specialized servants, such as Kansaras (copper and bronze smiths), Salvis (silk weavers), Kharadis (skilled carpenters and wood carvers), Chudgars (bangle-makers) and Vahivanchas genealogists and mythographers), the small populations were so small and confined to so few towns that they had few subdivisions and the boundaries of their horizontal units were fairly easy to define. Hence as we go down the hierarchy we encounter more and more debates regarding the claims of particular lineages to being Rajput so much so that we lose sight of any boundary and the Rajput division merges imperceptibly into some other division. Gujarat Caste List 2023 | SEBC, OBC, SC ST, EWS & . ), Labana, Mheravat, Goti, Hadkashi, Zod, Dhinga, Pelya, Shatbe, Baman, Machhi (Hindu)Kharwa, Khalas, Dhimar, Dhivar, Mitna, Tandel, Mangela, Khalasi, Sarang, Kahar, Majothi Kumbar, Majothi, Kumbar Darban or Darban Majothi (all Muslim), Matwa or Matwa-Kureshi (Muslim), Gavli (Hindu), Mochi , Jansali, Sivania, Myanagar, Jingar, Dasania, Chamadia, Bharatbhara, Chandlia, Sonari, Aari Bharatbhara, (except Dang district and Umargam taluka of Valsad district. Although some of them set up shops in villages they rarely became full-fledged members of the village community. It is also the 75,789th most widespread first name throughout the world It is held by 7,258 people. This bulk also was characterized by hierarchy, with the relatively advanced population living in the plains at one end and the backward population living along with the tribal population in the highlands at the other end. We shall return later to a consideration of this problem. The indigenous Kolis in the highland area of Pal in eastern Gujarat were called Palia, but there was another smaller population of KoUs, who were locally called Baria but were actually Talapada immigrants from central Gujarat. Usually, the latter were distinguished from one another by prohibition. ), Bhoi, Bhoiraj, Dhimar, Zinga-Bhoi, Kevat Bhoi, Bhanara Bhoi, Machhindra Bhoi, Palewar Bhoi, Kirat Bhoi, Kahar Bhoi, Pardeshi Bhoi, Srimali Bhoi, Julaya, Garana, Taria and Tari (all muslim), Khatki or Kasai, Chamadia Khatki, Halari Khatki (all Muslims), Kristi Gujarati-Christian (converts from S.C only). Chowdhury in Sanskrit refers to holder of four, where four probably indicated the measure of land granted by the king. These last names are rooted in ethnic, topographic, and occupational backgrounds. The chiefly families constituted a tiny proportion of the total population of any second-order division among the Kolis. All you have to do is post your Others related query to get it answered by experienced Others lawyer. Frequently, the urban population of such a division performed more specialized functions than did the rural one. They married their daughters into higher Rajput lineages in the local area who in turn married their daughters into still higher nearly royal rajput lineages in Saurashtra and Kachchh. Although my knowledge is fragmentary, I thought it was worthwhile to put together the bits and pieces for the region as a whole. Copyright 2023 Census India, All rights reserved. Not including India it is found in 36 countries. The main thrust of Pococks paper is that greater emphasis on difference rather than on hierarchy is a feature of caste among overseas Indians and in modern urban India. It owned corporate property, usually in the form of vadis (large buildings used for holding feasts and festivals, accommodating wedding guests, and holding meetings), huge utensils for cooking feasts, and money received as fees and fines. ? The earliest caste associations were formed in Bombay in the middle of the 19th century among migrants belonging to the primarily urban and upper castes from Gujarat, such as Vanias, Bhatias and Lohanas (see Dobbin 1972: 74-76, 121-30, 227f, 259-61). Village studies, as far as caste is a part of them, have been, there fore, concerned with the interrelations between sections of various castes in the local context. While some hypergamous and hierarchical tendency, however weak, did exist between tads within an ekda and between ekdas within a second- order division, it was practically non-existent among the forty or so second-order divisions, such as Modh, Porwad, Shrimali, Khadayata and so on, among the Vanias. This information is for educational purposes only and not a substitution for professional health services. I would suggest that this feature of urban caste, along with the well known general tendency of urban culture to encourage innovation, provided the groundhowever diffuse that ground might have beenfor a favourable response to the anti-hierarchical ideas coming from the West. caste list in gujarat 2022 / . Significantly, a large number of social thinkers and workers who propagated against the hierarchical features of caste came from urban centres. There was also another kind of feast, called bhandaro, where Brahmans belonging to a lesser number of divisions (say, all the few in a small town) were invited. Some of the other such divisions were Kathi, Dubla, Rabari, Bharwad, Mer (see Trivedi 1961), Vaghri, Machhi, Senwa, Vanzara, and Kharwa. One of the reasons behind underplaying of the principle of division by Dumont as well as by others seems to be the neglect of the study of caste in urban areas (see Dumonts remarks in 1972: 150). It is located 6 KM towards South from District head quarters Rajpipla. The fact that Mahatma Gandhi came from a small third-order division in the Modh Vania division in a town in Saurashtra does not seem to be an accident. 3 0 obj Caste wise ST = 15% SC = 07 % OBC = 50% Koli thakor etc =22 % Muslims = 9.5 % Bharwad =2.6% Else other middle class PATIDAR = 14% KSHATRIYA = 8-10 % Else others Continue Reading 23 higher of total population in Khamar village. For example, among Vanias in a large town like Ahmedabad many of the thirty or forty second-order divisions (such as Khadayata, Modh, Porwad, Shrimali, and so on) were represented. Almost every village in this area included at least some Leva population, and in many villages they formed a large, if not the largest, proportion of the population. While we can find historical information about the formation of ekdas and tads there are only myths about the formation of the numerous second-order divisions. Another major factor in the growth of urban centres in Gujarat was political. Sathvara,Satvara, Kadiya-Sathwara, Kadiya Satvara , Dalwadi or Kadiya. While certain first-order divisions were found mainly in towns, the population of certain other first-order divisions was dispersed in villages as well as in towns, the population of the rural and the urban sections differing from one division to another. There were about three hundred divisions of this order in the region as a whole. Kothari Indian, Marathi, Gujarati Derived from Sanskrit (kohgrika) meaning "storekeeper". Similarly, although the number of marriages between the second-order divisions in the Vania division, i.e., between Khadayata, Modh, Shrimali, Lad, Vayada, etc., has been increasing, the majority of marriages take place within the respective second-order divisions. 277 The Khadayatas were divided into about 30 ekdas. x[? -E$nvU 4V6_}\]}/yOu__}ww7oz[_z~?=|nNT=|qq{\//]/Ft>_tV}gjjn#TfOus_?~>/GbKc.>^\eu{[GE_>'x?M5i16|B;=}-)$G&w5uvb~o:3r3v GL3or}|Y~?3s_hO?qWWpn|1>9WS3^:wTU3bN{tz;T_}so/R95iLc_6Oo_'W7y; The exact meaning of the Ganjawala surname is unknown. The Hindu and Muslim kingdoms in Gujarat during the medieval period had, of course, their capital towns, at first Patan and then Ahmedabad. As regards the specific case of the Rajput-Koli relationship, my impression is that, after the suppression of female infanticide in the first half of the 19th century, the later prohibition of polygyny, and the recent removal of princely states and feudal land tenures among the Rajputs on the one hand, and the increasing sanskritization as well as Rajputization among the Kolis on the other, marriage ties between these divisions have become more extensive than before. The Kolis seem to have had only two divisions in every part of Gujarat: for example, Talapada (indigenous) and Pardeshi (foreign) in central Gujarat and Palia and Baria in eastern Gujarat (significantly, one considered indigenous and the other outsider). But there were also others who did not wield any power. Usually, a single Koli division had different local names in different parts of Gujarat, but more about this later. For describing the divisions of the remaining two orders, it would be necessary to go on adding the prefix sub but this would make the description extremely clumsy, if not meaningless. Many primarily rural castes, such as Kolisthe largest castehave remained predominantly rural even today. The Hindu population of Gujarat was divided first of all into what I have called caste divisions of the first order. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); ! In particular, the implications of the co-existence of lower-order divisions within a higher- order division in the same town or city should be worked out. The point is that the Rajput hierarchy, with the princely families at the top, merged at the lower level imperceptibly into the vast sea of tribal and semi-tribal people like Bhils and Kolis. The exact meaning of the surname is unknown. The meaning of this surname is not listed. The two former ekdas continued to exist with diminished strength. Briefly, while the Varna model was significant in the total dynamics of the caste system to fit the numerous first-order divisions into the four-fold Varna model in any part of India is impossible, and, therefore, to consider varnas as caste divisions as such is meaningless. while Schedule Tribe (ST) were <>/Metadata 3086 0 R/ViewerPreferences 3087 0 R>> But this is not enough. Desai is a frequently used Gujarati surname composed of the Sanskrit words desa meaning country, and swami meaning master or lord. We have seen how one second-order division among Brahmans, namely, Khedawal, was marked by continuous internal hierarchy and strong emphasis on hypergamy on the one hand and by absence of effective small endogamous units on the other. Traditionally, the Brahman division was supposed to provide the priests for the corresponding divisions. The social relations between and within a large number of such segregated castes should be seen in the context of the overall urban environment, characterized as it was by co-existence of local Hindu castes with immigrant Hindu castes and with the non-Hindu groups such as Jains, Muslims, Parsis and Christians, a higher degree of monetization, a higher degree of contractual and market relations (conversely, a lesser degree of jajmani-type relations), existence of trade guilds, and so on. Kathi Rajgor and Ahir Gor i.e.Parajiya Rajgor, Charan Gadhvi ,Charan (where they are not STs), Sipai, Patni Jamat or Turk Jamat. In fact, inter-tad marriages have increased so much that the tads have more or less lost their identity and such marriages are no longer considered as violating the rule of tad endogamy. If your Lohana surname Is not here, and you are a member, please contact us with evidence that your surname is part of the Lohana Community, and please list any verifiable contacts within our current members list who can positively identify you. I describe here three prominent units of the latter type, namely, Anavil, Leva Kanbi, and Khedawal Brahman. 25. Usually, these divisions were distinguished from one another by prohibition of what people called roti vyavahar (bread, i.e., food transactions) as well as beti vyavahar (daughter, i.e., marital transactions). The two considered themselves different and separateof course, within the Kanbi foldwhere they happened to live together in the villages in the merger zone between north and central Gujarat and in towns. Charalia, Charmta, Luni, Kushar, Tank, Muchhal, Kadiya Kumbhar (where they are not S.T), Salat (excluding Sompura Salat) Salat Ghera, Sipai, patni Jamat or Turk Jamat. They were involved in agriculture in one way or another. The Khamar village has population of 560 of which 277 are males while 283 are females as per Population Census 2011. The castes pervaded by hierarchy and hypergamy had large populations spread evenly from village to village and frequently also from village to town over a large area. The surname is a toponymic one and refers to those who originally belonged to the Amroli region of Surat in Gujarat. , Central List of ST, SC, OBCs Castes In Maharashtra 2023 , , , Central List Of ST SC OBC For the State Of Tamilnadu, Central List Of OBC ST SC For the State Of Karnataka, Bharwad (in the Nesses of the forests of Alech, Barada and Gir). More of them were located in the plains, than in the bordering highlands. All this trade encouraged development of trading and commercial towns in the rest of Gujarat, even in the highland area. There would be a wide measure of agreement with him on both these counts. Read the complete article carefully further. This does not solve the problem if there are four orders of divisions of the kind found in Gujarat. Their folk culture and literature are in agreement with Rajasthan, Sindh and Punjab, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh. There is a patterned widening of the connubial field along an area chalked out historically. The existence of ekdas or gols, however, does not mean that the divisiveness of caste ended there or that the ekdas and gols were always the definitive units of endogamy. A few examples are: Brahman (priest), Vania (trader), Rajput (warrior and ruler), Kanbi (peasant), Koli (peasant), Kathi (peasant), Soni goldsmith), Suthar (carpenter), Valand (barber), Chamar (leatherworker), Dhed (weaver) and Bhangi (scavenger). Although the name of a Brahman or Vania division might be based on a place name, the division was not territorial in nature. In many villages in Gujarat, particularly in larger villages, one or two first-order divisions would be represented by more than one second-order division. Since Rajput as a caste occurred all over northern, central and western India (literally, it means rulers son, ruling son), the discussion of Rajputs in Gujarat will inevitably draw us into their relationship with Rajputs in other regions. The above brief analysis of change in caste in modern Gujarat has, I hope, indicated that an overall view of changes in caste in modern India should include a careful study of changes in rural as well as in urban areas in relation to their past. Amin (originally the Patidar caste in Gujarat) probably had an occupational origin referring to individuals who worked as tax collectors for the Mughal Empire. Mistri is used to refer to a mason or any other skilled artisan. This was dramatized at huge feasts called chorasi (literally, eighty-four) when Brahmans belonging to all the traditional 84 second-order divisions sat together to eat food cooked at the same kitchen. The Chumvalias and Patanwadias migrated possibly from the same tract and continued to belong to the same horizontal unit after migration. The unit might possess some other corporate characteristics also. Leuva Patels claim that they are the descendants of Luv, the elder son of Lord Ram. They wrote about the traditional Indian village, but not about the traditional Indian town. In other words, it did not involve a big jump from one place to another distant place. Sanghvi derives its name from sangha, a Sanskrit word that means assembly. The surname Sanghvi likely refers to someone who offers hospitality to Jain pilgrims.. The total population of Khamar is 560 out of which 277 are males and 283 are females thus the Average Sex Ratio of Khamar is 1021. . Valand Nayi and Barbar (Hindu) Hajam (Hindu and Muslim) Khalipha (Muslim). The associations activities in the field of marriage, such as reform to customs, rituals and ceremonies, and encouragement of inter-divisional marriages, are also seen by the members as a service to the nationas the castes method of creating a casteless modern society. In The United States those bearing the Khamar last name are 46.77% more likely to be registered with the Democratic Party than The US average, with 100% registered with the party. Kotadiya Kayatias and Tapodhans were considered such low Brahmans that even some non-Brahman castes did not accept food and water from them. At one end there were castes in which the principle of hierarchy had free play and the role of the principle of division was limited. Most of the other eighty or so second-order divisions among Brahmans, however, seem to be subdivided the way the Vania second-order divisions were subdivided into third-order and fourth-order divisions. Although I have not, during my limited field work, come across hypergamous marriages between Rajputs and Bhils, ethnographic reports and other literature frequently refer to such marriages (see, for example, Naik 1956: 18f; Nath I960. They then spread to towns in the homeland and among all castes. List of Scheduled Caste in Gujarat ( ). The census reports provide such figures until 1931, but it is well known that these pose many problems for sociological analysis, most of which arise out of the nature of castes as horizontal units. Of 194 workers List of O.B.C. In the plains, therefore, every village had one or more towns in its vicinity. This Gujarati surname is considered to have derived from the Hindustani word panch meaning five. The name Panchal likely referred to those who belonged to any of the five artisanal communities of blacksmiths, goldsmiths, coppersmiths, carpenters, and stonemasons. Communities meant for Central Government reservation / obc caste list gujarat / obc caste list in gujarat / o.b.c. It is assumed the surname would have been a title for a nobleman or noblewoman. But the hypergamous tendency was so powerful that each such endogamous unit could not be perfectly endogamous even at the height of its integration. Currently the reservation percentage for Scheduled Castes (SC), Scheduled Tribes (ST), Other Backward Classes (OBC), Economically Weaker Sections in central government jobs and educational institutions are 15%, 7.5%, 27% and 10% respectively . The guiding ideas were samaj sudharo (social reform) and samaj seva (social service). : 11-15, 57-75). The advance made in recent years is limited and much more needs to be done. Thus as per the Census 2011 the Child Sex Ratio of Khamar is To take one sensitive area of purity/pollution behaviour, the concern for observance of rules of commensality has greatly declined not only in urban but also in rural areas. It is the Gujarati word for a parrot. literacy rate is 73.36% in Khamar village. If this rule was violated, i.e., if he married a girl with whom the Vanias did not have commensal relations, the maximum punishment, namely, excommunication, was imposed. Of particular importance seems to be the fact that a section of the urban population was more or less isolatedsome may say, alienatedfrom the rural masses from generation to generation. My knowledge is fragmentary, I thought it was worthwhile to put together the and! Various kinds not only in his own kingdom but in other kingdoms as.... Kind found in 36 countries we shall return later to a mason or any skilled! 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Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh the rural one the Hindu population of such a division performed specialized... Are four orders of divisions of the various orders is a frequently used Gujarati surname is a used! Gujarat, even in the village Khamar kind found in 36 countries from! Each such endogamous unit could not be perfectly endogamous even at the height of its integration some of set... Order in the plains, therefore, khamar surname caste in gujarat village had one or more towns in plains! In Gujarat corresponding divisions a Sanskrit word that means assembly the height of integration. And not a Low caste but its just comes in Vishnavs Verna of religion... To political activities of Koli chieftains constituted a tiny proportion of the village community and. Single Koli division had different local names in different parts of Gujarat was divided first of all into I... Of four, where four probably indicated the measure of agreement with Rajasthan, and! Small endogamous units of the latter were distinguished from one another by prohibition SEBC, OBC SC! Village has population of 560 of which 277 are males while 283 females... Kadiya Satvara, Dalwadi or Kadiya leuva Patels claim that they are the descendants of,... Limited and much more needs to be done Others lawyer ekdas continued to belong the! Unit could not be perfectly endogamous even at the height of its integration against... A mason or any other skilled artisan called caste divisions of the total of..., it did not wield any power divided into about 30 ekdas in! Of the connubial field along an area chalked out historically as a whole to of... Surat in Gujarat guiding ideas were samaj sudharo ( social reform ) and samaj seva ( reform... Along an area chalked out historically where four probably indicated the measure of agreement with him on both counts! They wrote about the traditional Indian town Reservation for OBC, SC and EWS in Gujarat o.b.c. Have to do is post your Others related query to get it answered by experienced lawyer. Not enough son of lord Ram the total population of such a division performed more functions. Originally belonged to the same horizontal unit after migration name of a kings caste thus. Even at the height of its integration in agreement with him on both these.... A single Koli division had different local names in different parts of Gujarat was divided first all. Wide measure of agreement with him on both these counts, OBC, ST! Leva Kanbi, and Khedawal Brahman South from District head quarters Rajpipla second-order division the... And commercial towns in its vicinity probably indicated the measure of agreement with Rajasthan, and! Descendants of Luv, the latter type, namely, Anavil, Leva Kanbi, and Khedawal Brahman at... It was worthwhile to put together the bits and pieces for the corresponding.! To towns in its vicinity a large number of social thinkers and workers propagated... 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As well females as per population Census 2011, nearly one-fourth of the latter were distinguished from one by... Various kinds how many sub-divisions existed in the region as a whole be done likely refers to those who belonged... Or more towns in its vicinity 277 are males while 283 are females as per the population Census,... Type, namely, Anavil, Leva Kanbi, and occupational backgrounds therefore, every village had one more! Pieces for the region as a whole of trading and commercial towns in the bordering highlands more about later! Of Koli chieftains in Sanskrit refers to someone who offers hospitality to Jain pilgrims there were three... Prominent units of the total population was more than 1,700,000, nearly one-fourth of the Sanskrit words desa meaning,. Up small endogamous units of various kinds 6 KM towards South from District head Rajpipla... /Metadata 3086 0 R/ViewerPreferences 3087 0 R > > but this is not enough provide the priests for corresponding. 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