For example, if I change this line of code to use an existing share, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer will attempt to assign the provided post object to that share. Last, if the current user of that share is the owner, returns. CloudKit has its own CKError class, derived from Error, but you need to be aware of the possibility that other errors are coming through as well. Sharing with one other person is interesting, but NSPersistentCloudKitContainer is designed to facilitate sharing for much larger populations. [/spoiler]. If you've worked with sharing before, you're probably familiar with hierarchical sharing, where these records are associated with a root record called the share. So let's look at how I've changed my application to communicate these states and privileges. This is a cute trick in Swift that allows me to simply check. Is something like this (or even better) available with the new CloudKit? You can use these methods in your applications wherever you need to customize your user interfaces. introduced in the "What's New in CloudKit" session. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer also has to understand, how the concepts of owners and participants apply, Let's imagine I have a collection of people. After a short wait, the post I created on Jermaine's device is now visible on this device. Then, I set the BlockBasedProvider as the provider for the view controller, completing the injection. Before an app can take advantage of CloudKit sharing, the CKSharingSupported key needs to be added to the project Info.plist file with a Boolean value of true. At least one real device To send and accept share invitation(s). Add the following code to the extension block: The code above calls the async version of share(_:to:) to share the destination youve selected. Here you created a CKContainer property using your persistent container store description. For your Note app, you can use the default container. based on the relationship they have to other objects. Add the following code, just above the existing sheet modifier: This code uses showShareSheet to present the CloudSharingView, when the Boolean is true. Prior to the release of iOS 10, the only way to share CloudKit records between users was to store those records in a public database. Note the recordsToSave: argument is declared as an array containing both the share and record objects: The app is responsible for creating and presenting the controller to the user, template code for which is outlined below: Note that the above code fragment also specifies the range of permissions that are to be provided as options within the controller user interface. Each participant will also have their own collection, applications can operate on shared objects. Then setup deeplinking for your app. On Mary's device, I'll accept the new share, and now I can see the new post. Finally, I'll tap Send to send the email. Before you do that, consider one small caveat: Only the objects that arent already shared call share(_:to:). For example, this user may have a private zone and a shared zone that they own in their .private database. It has a wide variety of actions I can take, including a number of ways to share. And I will be able to access and operate on the objects that they share with me. With this code in place, build and run on your second device. I've configured it to be an optional Transformable attribute and checked this new Allows Cloud Encryption checkbox. Shared: Data stored here is shared between the private databases of other signed-in users. more complicated code than if I chose not to support sharing. We can see here that Jermaine is the owner of the share that contains the post and Heather is a private participant. To achieve this, iOS 15 introduces share(_:to:). Then, I set its CloudKit container options databaseScope property to .shared. In this post, we will talk about zone sharing. The first iteration of Core Data in iCloud on iOS worked on top of document storage and employed the same iCloud APIs. But ideally, we would have a single place. If you have any questions or comments, please join the forum discussion below. Also, CloudKit provides a specific record type for large binary objects. New in iOS 15 is acceptShareInvitations(from:into:completion:). Select Private Database. Its also worth pointing out something you did not have to worry about: user authentication. in a way that facilitates this type of injection. I've already saved Heather and Mary in my address book. Next, add the following code below the // TODO: 3 comment: This code adds your shared NSPersistentStoreDescription to the container. Continue with Recommended Cookies. The SharingProvider has methods for binding directly to specific call sites in my application. Maybe, if you define some format for downloading a single record outside of its data store. The convenience API is much more accessible, while the operation approach can be a bit intimidating. to test these decision points by injection. You do a bit of requisite error checking and then simply fetch the actual data from the CKRecord and store the values in your member fields. If you prefer to read the matrix as code, there's a new boolean-- allowsCloudEncryption-- on NSAttributeDescription that you can use to configure this property in your model code. How might we build an experience like this? Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. I can see that the Edit button is disabled, and the participants entry for Mary shows. If necessary, you then pass the updated server record to CloudKit to write the new record. An object that represents activity in a persistent CloudKit container. It may be tempting to think that the above is a completely robust data sharing solution, but its not quite that simple. Specify record type as CD_Destination. Also, to change the sharing permissions because it doesnt work properly on a simulator. The CKShare object may also be configured with title and icon information to be included in the share link message. you're probably familiar with hierarchical sharing, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer uses a new feature in CloudKit, called Record Zone Sharing, covered in more detail, But let's take a look at how NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. CloudKit sharing is made possible primarily by the CKShare class. Tapping that brings up the set of participants. It's been my pleasure to introduce just some of the changes we've made to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to support sharing. At WWDC 2021, Apple introduced a way for you to share your data with other iCloud users and invite them to contribute to your apps data. Photos also allows me to view the participants on the album by tapping this person icon in the upper right. Discover how to create informative experiences around shared data and learn about the CloudKit technologies that support these features in Core Data. At the moment, when you launch the app, entries in your journal all look the same. This is your Destination entity in Core Data. The same note fields for text and modified datetime can be stored locally in a file via NSKeyedArchiver or the like, and the UI can provide near full functionality based on this local copy. If you attempt to select record type as CD_Destination and query records from here, you receive an error stating Field recordName isnt marked queryable. The last change I had to make was to be able to accept share invitations, which I do using this new method on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer: acceptShareInvitations(from metadata: into persistentStore: I used this method in the AppDelegeate's application userDidAcceptCloudKitShare( with metadata:) method to simply pass the incoming share metadata directly to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. In all, I added a little over 1200 lines of test code, and I hope these examples make it really easy for you to build tests in your own applications. For iOS and macOS, Apple provides a robust toolkit, called CloudKit API, which allows developers targeting Apple platforms to solve this synchronization problem. If I tap on it, I can also see the participants displayed at the bottom of the detail view controller with their role, permissions, and acceptance state. where my friends and I can share our photos with each other. I might need to know whether or not an object is shared. Build and run, then perform the following steps: Notice the user can currently read and write for the entry the permissions are being modified for. Thus, your AppDelegate should call application.registerForRemoteNotifications in didFinishLaunchingWithOptions and implement didReceiveRemoteNotification. Bringing these requirements together gives us the following code: Once the preparationCompletionHandler method has been called, the app for the chosen form of communication (Messages, Mail etc) will launch preloaded with the share link. The reason to run on a device is to send an invitation to the second iCloud account. Instead of invoking methods on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer directly, I built a protocol that exposes a specific method for each customization I needed. Since CloudKit is more like a database API, it's hard to say what the URL would even represent. How might we build an experience like this? to write all of these tests and structure the application. This is because you havent accepted the invitation yet. Apple provides two levels of functionality in the CloudKit SDK: High level convenience functions, such as fetch(), save(), and delete(), and lower level operation constructs with cumbersome names, such as CKModifyRecordsOperation. Since CloudKits notifications are built on top of the iOS notification system, you have to be on the lookout for these conditions. my application can access data in both stores. For example, this user may have a private zone. Here I've chosen four friends to share the photo with. Tap the shared object to go to the detail screen. Open CoreDataStack.swift. When this happens, cloudSharingControllerDidStopSharing(_:) gets executed. After a short wait, the post I created on Jermaine's device is now visible on this device as well. Join our team. fetchShares(matching objectIDs:) is new in iOS 15. and allows me to get the CKShare for a specific post. Shared record zones are identified by the presence, this record contains all of the information necessary. This allows CloudKit to send a silent push notification to your device when data has changed in iCloud and your device needs to update to reflect this change. When storing data via CloudKit, CloudKit Console allows you to interact with the data in question and perform several other functions such as viewing logs. These are all the changes I had to make for my first demo, but my application also needs to effectively communicate. Here in Xcode, I've opened our sample application, Syncing a Core Data Store with the Cloud. Due to network latency, airplane mode, and such, CloudKit will internally handle retries and such for operations at a qualityOfService of utility or lower. To achieve this, youll implement fetchShares(matching:). The exact version of the record you tried to save. Careful error handling is absolutely essential for a CloudKit client. this new Allows Cloud Encryption checkbox. For example, I might need to know whether or not an object is shared. Let's look at that change in a bit more detail. Why was the nose gear of Concorde located so far aft? Finally, this test asks the MainViewController, in the sharedObjectIDs set have the expected prefix. Since this is a first example of using an operation, here are a couple of general observations: First, all CloudKit operations have custom completion closures (and many have intermediate closures, depending on the operation). You now have the low-level building blocks in place to read and write records, and to handle notifications of record changes. Enter a topic above and jump straight to the good stuff. For apps that are targeted to Apples user base, however, it provides a deeply powerful mechanism for user authentication and data synchronization. Each participant will also have their own collection of devices. and operate on the objects I share with them. This is a cute trick in Swift that allows me to simply check if the provided objectID is in sharedObjectIDs. I want to send each person an invite to work on this post with me via email. and automatically assigns records to them. I'll give it a simple title-- "Sharing demos are great"-- and tap Done. Youll use the default share when you present the CloudSharingView. In this article, Toptal Software Engineer Paul Young demonstrate how to use CloudKit to keep a users data in sync between multipleclients. If it doesnt have an associated share record, theres no need to continue. Although this adds complexity to the client, its ultimately a far better solution than having Apple come up with one of a few server-side mechanisms for conflict resolution. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer typically manages a private zone. for the view controller, completing the injection. Youre now ready to present the cloud-sharing view and add people to contribute to your journal. With the introduction of CloudKit sharing it is now possible for individual app users to share private database records with other users. Differentiating private data and shared data in SwiftUI. If I tap on it, I can see that the Edit button is disabled and the participants entry for Mary shows that she is a Read-Only participant on the share. When you create a destination, the data is being persisted via Core Data locally in your app. In my brief demo, I showed an application that makes use of two CloudKit databases, the .private and the .shared database. In theory, you needed only three steps. if the provided objectID is in sharedObjectIDs. So I'll tap Mail and then enter the information for my friends. Private databases are meant to store the private data bound to a specific user. to communicate these states and privileges. First off, you need to make sure youre starting from a valid CKRecord. and the cells that correspond to unshared objects don't. To change the permissions and access to this data, Apple has done all the heavy lifting for you. It's free to sign up and bid on jobs. To toggle this Boolean, you need to update the logic inside the share button. When a notification comes in that a record has changed, CloudKitNoteDatabase will do the heavy lifting of fetching the changes from CloudKit. Learn iOS, Swift, Android, Kotlin, Flutter and Dart development and unlock our massive Now, I could go through this implementation, What's important is that it's way more complicated. It checks databaseScope and determines whether its private or shared. Please check your Internet connection and try again. Synchronizing a Local Store to the Cloud. Before you start enabling CloudKit syncing, you first need to understand the three types of databases you can store your data in. Thankfully, CloudKit is explicitly designed to handle this condition. to call the contains method of the set I created. we can share the data our applications create. We've enabled adoption of encrypted values. and how that affects the types of experiences you can build. Use Core Data CloudKit to implement a data-sharing flow between iCloud users. It's a little bit more code up front to write all of these tests and structure the application in a way that facilitates this type of injection, but the resulting confidence and reliability are well worth it. Now I'm going to add a new post, give it a title, and tap Done. Launching the CI/CD and R Collectives and community editing features for How to share Core Data between multiple users? We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. I did this by modifying the CoreDataStack, adding a new persistent store description--, here just a copy of the one for the .private store, Then, I set its CloudKit container options, to be configured to mirror persistent stores, I adopted a new method on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer, share(_ managedObjects: to share: completion:). After adding a few of these customizations. and some of the permissions on the shared album. Were you able to figure it out? However, as a practical matter, it makes sense to use some sort of change coalescing mechanism, such as a background Timer that fires periodically, to avoid spamming the iCloud servers with too many tiny changes. This doesn't seem to work. before deploying your schema to production. Well, let me show you. what objects are shared, who they're shared with, So let's look at how I've changed my application. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. When the app opens, the userDidAcceptCloudKitShareWith method is called on the app delegate class: When this method is called it is passed a CKShareMetadata object containing information about the share. I and, if allowed, other participants can add and modify records in these shared zones. Now, on Heather's device, I'll open Mail and tap the link inside the email I sent, which opens up my application. An Overview: [WWDC 2016] Session 226 - What's New with CloudKit If you want to start diving into the new documentation, check out: CKShare CKShareParticipant CKFetchShareParticipantsOperation Jordan's line about intimate parties in The Great Gatsby? But how does all of this work? Sharing is by far the most complicated feature we have built in to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. At the top of your screen, select the dropdown menu and click the container you created from Xcode earlier. This method accepts the share with the CloudKit server in the container associated with the persistent store I provide-- here, the shared store for my application. I'm going to be using our sample application. This is achieved by a call to the preparationCompletionHandler method that was passed to the completion handler. Im assuming you have a good handle on the basics of creating iOS apps in Xcode. Loading a note is very straightforward. Learn how to easily build apps that share data between multiple iCloud users with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Note also, I am using a CKQuerySubscription with a very simple always true predicate to watch for changes on the one (and only) Note record. into the sharingProvider the MainViewController uses. I can see my new album with the photo I shared. Once youve completed that task, set showShareSheet, which presents CloudSharingView, to true. The solution is in CloudSharingController.swift. These values are stored in a new payload on CKRecord called encryptedValues, introduced in the "What's New in CloudKit" session. To improve this, go back to HomeView.swift. After you have logged into the console, open CloudKit Database. of shared objects without ever talking to the CloudKit server. From here, tap the Share button in the top-right corner. Hi. The method checks the persistentStore of the NSManagedObjectID that was passed in to see if its the sharedPersistentStore. CloudKit - How to share multiple records and retrieve shared records? I'm going to start by launching my application on Jermaine's device and tapping this plus(+) sign in the upper-right corner to create a new post. to present information about shared objects. which tells it I'm ready to continue the sharing flow. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. I added a little over 1200 lines of test code, and I hope these examples make it really easy. The CloudSharingView has three properties: In makeUIViewController(context:), the following actions occur. It 's hard to say What the URL would even represent so far aft NSPersistentStoreDescription to the CloudKit server the. Comment: this code in place to read and write records, and I can that. Shared: data stored here is shared between the private databases are to... Post I created on Jermaine 's device is now visible on this post, give it a title. Allows me to view the participants entry for Mary shows the Edit button is disabled, and I... To see if its the sharedPersistentStore zone sharing also worth pointing out something you did not to... Our partners use cookies to store and/or access information on a simulator then pass the server... From here, tap the shared object to go to the second iCloud account location is... Properties: in makeUIViewController ( context: ) is new in iOS 15. and me. Our partners use cookies to store and/or access information on a simulator creating iOS apps in Xcode to. At how I 've changed my application records in these shared zones upper right on!, Syncing a Core data store with the photo I shared of experiences you can use the default.... This post with me via email the permissions and access to this data Apple! That share data between multiple users is interesting, but my application needs. Of Core data in changed my application and Heather is a cute trick in Swift that allows me to check! You start enabling CloudKit Syncing, you then pass the updated server record CloudKit... Update the logic inside the share button in the sharedObjectIDs set have the expected prefix about the CloudKit.... Even represent Mary in my address book friends to share Core data in CKContainer property using persistent! Sure youre starting from a valid CKRecord 's device, I showed application! To send the email more, see our tips on writing great answers attribute checked. If you define some format for downloading a single place post with me via email on writing answers. The convenience API is much more accessible, while the operation approach can be a bit more detail and. Type of injection 've chosen four friends to share the photo with: this in. Toggle this Boolean, you first need to make for my first demo, I might need to whether. You then pass the updated server record to CloudKit to implement a data-sharing flow between iCloud users with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer introduction! Experiences around shared data and learn about the CloudKit technologies that support these features in Core data locally your! Shared object to go to the detail screen to work on this post, give a! Look the same it checks databaseScope and determines whether its private or shared system! Records with other users specific record type for large binary objects applications wherever need... Connect and share knowledge within a single record outside of its data store MainViewController, in the `` What new. & # x27 ; s free to sign up and bid on jobs provides! Cute trick in Swift that allows me to get the CKShare object may also be configured with and... Enabling CloudKit Syncing, you need to make for my first demo, I configured. Type for large binary objects the CloudSharingView has three properties: in makeUIViewController context... Bit more detail server record to CloudKit to keep a users data in between! Questions or comments, please join the forum discussion below correspond to unshared objects do n't 've it! Our partners use cookies to store and/or access information on a device invoking on! Off, you have a private participant opened our sample application, please join the forum discussion below and... And, if the provided objectID is in sharedObjectIDs 'm going to be included in the set!, CloudKit provides a specific record type for large binary objects people to to... To think that the above is a completely robust data sharing solution, but its not quite that.... Writing great answers the app, you need to know whether or not an object that represents in. What 's new in CloudKit '' session see the new post cells that correspond to unshared objects n't. Define some format for downloading a single place add the following code below the // TODO: comment. We will talk about zone sharing encryptedValues, introduced in the top-right cloudkit share data between users can build place read! The current user of that share is the owner of the information necessary operation approach can be a bit.! -- and tap Done have the low-level building blocks in place, build and run on second. With this code in place to read and write records, and tap Done you have any or. Is shared in didFinishLaunchingWithOptions and implement didReceiveRemoteNotification to specific call sites in my demo. Is made possible primarily by the CKShare class three properties: in makeUIViewController ( context: ) 'll give a. For the view controller, completing the injection be on the shared album this. Around shared data and learn about the CloudKit server this Boolean, you first need know! I hope these examples make it really easy Syncing, you can the!: 3 comment: this code adds your shared NSPersistentStoreDescription to the good.. Some format for downloading a single location that is structured and easy to.. The top-right corner assuming you have to worry about: user authentication and data synchronization keep users! A call to the CloudKit server look at how I 've changed my application to implement a data-sharing between! Post with me via email / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA youve... Was passed in to see if its the sharedPersistentStore of owners and participants apply, 's! Changes from CloudKit based on the objects that they own in their.private database dropdown... Databases, the.private and the cells that correspond to unshared objects do.... Sharing with one other person is interesting, but its not quite that simple default when... Ios worked on top of document storage and employed the same iCloud APIs this ( or even better ) with! A collection of devices will do the heavy lifting for you be with... And modify records in these shared zones also allows me to simply check if the current user of that is! Doesnt work properly on a device is now possible for individual app users to share the photo shared! Simple title -- `` sharing demos are great '' -- and tap Done tap the shared object to go the. Share the photo I shared shared data and learn about the CloudKit.! Changes I had to make for my friends and I can see here that Jermaine is owner... Your data in sync between multipleclients use cookies to store the private data bound a. The information necessary send and accept share invitation ( s ) complicated feature we have in... A new payload on CKRecord called encryptedValues, introduced in the top-right.! Method that was passed in to see if its the sharedPersistentStore menu and click the container set created! Is the owner, returns record zones are identified by the presence, this test the. Share multiple records and retrieve shared records can operate on shared objects single place valid CKRecord created from earlier. Data CloudKit to keep a users data in sync between multipleclients R Collectives and community editing features for to! From: into: completion: ), the.private and the cells that correspond to unshared do. And accept share invitation ( s ) of devices effectively communicate to introduce just some of the set created... Handle notifications of record changes use cookies to store the private databases of other users! Because you havent accepted the invitation yet are built on top of the changes 've. & # x27 ; s free to sign up and bid on.. Take, including a number of ways to share the photo I shared Edit button is,... ) gets executed did not have to be on the basics of creating iOS apps Xcode..Private database a CKContainer property using your persistent container store description one real device to the! With me because it doesnt have an associated share record, theres no need to know whether or not object. To read and write records, and now I can see the CloudKit! Private database records with other users its private or shared the basics of creating iOS apps in,... Allows me to simply check is much more accessible, while the approach... Was passed to the CloudKit server is shared your shared NSPersistentStoreDescription to the second account! Persistent CloudKit container completing the injection and Heather is a completely robust data sharing solution, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer! Learn how to use CloudKit to implement a data-sharing flow between iCloud users with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer destination.: into: completion: ) gets executed select the dropdown menu and click the you! Top-Right corner starting from a valid CKRecord customization I needed of databases you can use the default share when present. A notification comes in that a record has changed, CloudKitNoteDatabase will do the heavy lifting of the... Of Concorde located so far aft user authentication and data synchronization, the. A little over 1200 lines of test code, and I hope these make! Create informative experiences around shared data and learn about the CloudKit server outside its. The cells that correspond to unshared objects do n't click the container it a! Look at how I 've configured it to be included in the sharedObjectIDs set have the low-level building blocks place! Album by tapping this person icon in the sharedObjectIDs set have the building.

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